The range of gas boilers available is currently vast but recent changes to the Building Regulations has meant that recently all boilers are required to be high efficiency boilers or Condensing Boilers. Condensing boilers basically employ a design so that more heat is recovered from the gas energy that is inputted into the heating system.
Industrial and commercial boilers are also highly efficient but tend to have cast iron heat exchangers. They are often referred to as 'gas atmospheric boilers' and can produce outputs of 46Kw to in excess of 338Kw. A modern boiler would need to meet European Standards on emissions of Low Nox (Class 5) and Building Regulations Part L2A and Part L2B.
Most natural gas boilers are suitable for Propane LPG fuel options and require only a change of burner nozzle. Many boilers are now able to run in conjunction with solar panels where gas forms the secondary top up, heat source. Solar smart combi boilers are now being produced by many boiler manufacturers. Other new features available are economisers, or top box gas savers, where even more heat is recovered from flue gases by incorporation of a secondary heat exchanger.
Electric under floor heating is extremely popular in modern apartment blocks where stone, tiled and limestone floors can be maintained at very comfortable temperature. The under floor heating elements tend to be installed in the form of heat-mats whereby the mat forms a continuous heating element. The heat provided is a radiant heat and thus creates very few convection air currents or draughts. The whole electric under floor heating system is controlled by room thermostats.
Wet under floor heating systems are ideal for new build construction and ideally run at relatively low temperatures of about 40 degrees centigrade. This makes such systems extremely compatible for use with heat pumps as the main source of heat. The network of plastic tubes is run through the timber floor joists and a heat reflective tray directs heat upwards. A manifold valve enables different zones for each room to be created. Wet under floor heating is invariably used in timber framed housing and volumetric construction where extremely high levels of thermal insulation means that lower temperature heat sources are effective in providing comfortable levels of heat. All under floor heating is designed to give continuous heat and not to be operated as an 'on demand' style of system as one might use with conventional central heating.
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